The Three Sacred Treasures of Japan: Symbols of Imperial Power and Myth

The Three Sacred Treasures of Japan—the mirror, sword, and jewel—are powerful symbols of imperial authority deeply rooted in Japanese mythology. Known collectively as the Sanshu no Jingi, these sacred items are believed to have been passed down from the sun goddess Amaterasu to her grandson Ninigi-no-Mikoto, who descended from heaven to establish the divine lineage of Japan’s emperors.

These treasures, often referred to as the Imperial Regalia of Japan, embody the spiritual legitimacy and unbroken continuity of the imperial family, linking Shinto belief with Japan’s ancient past and present.

What the Three Sacred Treasures Represent

Each treasure has a profound symbolic meaning rooted in tradition and spirituality:

• Yata no Kagami (The Mirror) – Representing wisdom, truth, and honesty, this sacred mirror is believed to reflect the divine heart of Amaterasu. It is enshrined at the Inner Shrine of Ise Grand Shrine in Mie Prefecture and remains untouched by human hands.
• Kusanagi no Tsurugi (The Grass-Cutting Sword) – Symbolizing valor and strength, this mythical sword was recovered by the storm god Susanoo after defeating the serpent Yamata-no-Orochi. It is said to be preserved at Atsuta Shrine in Aichi Prefecture.
• Yasakani no Magatama (The Curved Jewel) – Associated with benevolence and harmony, this ancient jewel is used in imperial rituals and is reportedly kept within the Imperial Palace, although few have ever seen it.

Together, these artifacts represent the moral virtues expected of a just ruler and form a spiritual cornerstone of Japan’s imperial heritage.

Role in Imperial Ceremonies and Japanese Tradition

During the enthronement ceremonies of a new emperor, the sword and jewel—known collectively as the Kenji (sword and seal)—are ceremoniously presented to symbolize the transfer of sacred power. The mirror remains permanently enshrined at Ise, highlighting its spiritual significance.

These treasures are never displayed publicly and remain hidden from view, preserved in sacred wrappings. Their secrecy adds to their mystique and reinforces their sacred status in Shinto tradition.

Why the Imperial Regalia Still Matter Today

The Three Sacred Treasures are not just mythical artifacts—they continue to serve as powerful cultural and religious symbols. Though their exact form remains unknown, they embody Japan’s historical continuity, spiritual identity, and the sacred role of the emperor.

Their enduring presence in modern Japan speaks to the deep respect for heritage and the mystery that surrounds these timeless emblems of divine rule.